KSV is, as they themselves say  "....the smart choice for interface design and analysis".  

                    
       

    Langmuir-Blodgett Troughs

KSV brand for Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) troughs include technologies from NIMA Technologies that Biolin acquired.
LB troughs are tools are used to produce monolayer's and multilayer systems for experiments.
 

The observation for thin surfaces of molecules on a liquid is credited to Benjamin Franklin but it was the insight of physicist John Strutt (better known as Lord Raleigh) who calculated the film thickness of Oleic Acid on water as 1.6nm after Agnes Pockels drew his attention to the idea. Incidentally this also proved the value of Avogadro's number!   In the 1910~1920's Irving Langmuir built a trough to produce monolayers and subsequently, with  his student Katherine Blodgett famously produced monolayer films on a routine basis. Langmuir was awarded the 1932 Nobel prize in Chemistry for his body of work on surface chemistry. Langmuir's original idea was that the chain length of the surfactants did not affect the coverage as the molecules were vertically arranged. Langmuir with Blodgett found that inserting a solid into a water solution containing organic molecules will cause a monolayer to form on the surface, hence opening the way to producing the films (diagram right). Blodgett went on to apply this to glass and produced multireflective Fluorine layers in optics. Katherine Blodgett was an interesting person in her own right, the first to gain a Ph. D. in physics from Cambridge; she broke many "glass ceilings". The use of the LB troughs today is widespread with modern hydrophobic materials and applications in protein crystallisation and Brewster angle microscopy.

    KSV LB troughs

KSV offer four series of troughs in different sizes and within each there are versions, accessories and options.
There will definitely be a system to suite your needs and budget.
To see more on any system click on the KSV LB series name below.

KSV MiniMicro series Smallest subphase volumes versatile system microscopy	KSV Minitrough series  Small subphase volumes versatile system microscopy	KSV-2000 series Medium and large subphase volumes with static film balance and dipper	KSV-5000 series Medium and large subphase volumes with free movement of film balance and dipper #

 

Meantime for information please link to www.ksvltd.com/content/inde